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Plain-English guides to valuing companies and reading each market, from the people building AlphaTeak. Analysis and education, not financial advice.

How Do You Value an ETF?

Learn how to value an ETF using NAV, premium/discount analysis, total expense ratio, tracking error, and liquidity checks. Clear, jargon-free guide.

What is margin of safety in value investing?

Learn what margin of safety means in value investing, why it matters, and how to apply it to protect your portfolio from estimation errors.

How do you calculate the intrinsic value of a stock?

Intrinsic value is what a business is truly worth. Learn the main ways to calculate a stock's intrinsic value, from discounted cash flow to earnings multiples.

What is ROIC (Return on Invested Capital) and Why Does It Matter?

ROIC measures how efficiently a business turns invested capital into profit. Learn the formula, how to interpret it, and why investors use it to find quality companies.

What is margin of safety in investing?

Margin of safety is the discount between a stock's price and its fair value. Learn what it is, why it protects you, and how much of a cushion to look for.

NGX Dividends Explained: How the 10% Withholding Tax Works

Learn how NGX dividends work, how the 10% withholding tax is deducted at source, and what investors receive into their CSCS-linked accounts.

How do you know if a stock is undervalued?

A stock is undervalued when its price sits below what the business is worth. Learn the signs of an undervalued stock, and the traps that only look cheap.

How to Analyze a Nigerian Bank's Results (GTCO, Zenith, Access)

Learn how to read GTCO, Zenith, and Access bank financials on the NGX: key ratios, IFRS line items, dividend withholding tax, and liquidity checks explained.

What is a stock's fair value, and how do you work it out?

Fair value is what a company is really worth, not its share price. Learn how to estimate a stock's fair value from earnings and cash flow, and use it to invest.

What does 'fair value' mean for a stock, and how is it estimated?

Fair value is the estimated intrinsic worth of a stock. Learn the core methods analysts use to calculate it, explained in plain English.